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Allergic Reaction
| Definition |
| A sensitivity to a specific substance,
called an allergen, that is contacted through the skin, lungs,
swallowing, or injection. |
| Considerations |
Allergic reactions are fairly common.
They occur more often in people with a family history of allergies. Most
reactions happen soon after contact with an allergen. Most of these
reactions are mild and can be treated at home.
Substances that don't bother most of us (such as venom from bee stings
and various foods, medications, and pollens) can trigger allergic
reactions in some people. While first time exposure may only produce a
mild reaction, repeated exposures may lead to more serious reactions.
Once a person is sensitized (has had a previous sensitivity reaction),
even a very limited exposure to an allergen can trigger a severe
reaction.
Allergic reactions vary. They can be mild or serious. They can be
confined to a small area of the body or affect the entire body. Most
occur within seconds or minutes after exposure to the allergen, but some
can occur after days or weeks.
Anaphylaxis is a sudden and severe allergic reaction that occurs within
minutes of exposure, PROGRESSES RAPIDLY and can lead to anaphylactic
shock and death within 15 minutes if medical intervention is not
obtained. |
| Causes |
Common allergens include
- plants
- foods
- medications
- pollens
- bee stings or stings from other
insects
- bites
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| Symptoms |
Common symptoms of mild allergic
reactions include:
- rashes
- hives (especially over the neck and
face)
- itching
Symptoms that may indicate a moderate
or severe reaction include:
- difficulty breathing
- wheezing
- chest discomfort or tightness
- difficulty swallowing
- swelling of the face, eyes, or
tongue
- unconsciousness
- weakness
- dizziness or lightheadedness
- fear or feeling of apprehension or
anxiety
- nausea & vomiting
- abdominal cramps or abdominal pain
- flushed face
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